How can anger affect the body?

Anger can have a profound impact on the body. While anger is a totally normal emotion that everyone experiences at different points in time, anger that is poorly managed can result in health complications, disrupted relationships, and other difficulties. Anger sometimes has a bad reputation but can be a positive emotion when managed well. Anger can even serve as a powerful motivator for positive change.

Anger causes the stress response cycle or fight or flight response to kick in. This is the same process the body goes through as part of a natural defense against danger and threats. The brain detects danger, and the adrenal system causes the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol: the heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration rate increase. Blood leaves the digestive system and other areas or processes the brain deems unnecessary when under threat. The process is designed to help you fight back, run from, or otherwise outsmart or outmaneuver danger.

Prolonged exposure to the stress response cycle in the body can cause physical wear and tear. Long-term exposure to high blood pressure can increase risks to cardiovascular health and potentially result in stroke or heart attack. Headaches may be experienced as a result of increased stress and tension. The digestive system can be interrupted by the stress response process and digestive problems like nausea, diarrhea, or constipation.

Managing anger can involve lifestyle changes, which can reduce the physical effects of anger on the body. Some recommended lifestyle changes for anger management may include regular exercise, good nutrition, adequate sleep, meditation, yoga, or progressive muscle relaxation. Some programs like structured anger management, assertiveness programs, or group therapy programs may be helpful for anger management.

Working with a therapist individually may also be beneficial. Anger can be a part of other mental health issues like anxiety and depression. Talking with a therapist can help you rule out other potential issues that may be part of a larger picture issue. Therapy can benefit communication skills, coping techniques to employ when emotions are intense and support you in making lifestyle changes helpful to anger management.