The Benefits Of Using Nature To Treat Eating Disorders

Eating disorders are mental illnesses that can cause mental and physical health concerns in the modern world. While clinical settings are often effective in the treatment of these disorders, some individuals may turn to other modalities, such as nature therapy. If you’re looking for a unique way to cope with an eating disorder, it may be helpful to explore how the natural world can offer unique support. 

Eating disorders, like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, can have a significant impact on mental and physical well-being. Nature-based therapy is an emerging holistic approach to eating disorder treatment that taps into the therapeutic potential of the outdoors. It addresses stress, cultivates mindfulness, and may reshape body-image perceptions.

Eating disorders in the DSM-5

Eating disorders are real mental health conditions that can negatively impact physical and mental well-being. While not an exclusive list, below are a few of the most common eating disorders listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5): 

• Anorexia Nervosa: Anorexia is indicated by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image. This disorder often leads the person afflicted to significantly restrict their calorie intake, resulting in thinness or medical issues. 
• Bulimia Nervosa: Bulimia is diagnosed when an individual experiences recurrent episodes of overeating followed by behaviors like purging (vomiting) or excessive exercise to compensate for overeating.
• Binge-Eating Disorder: Binge-eating disorder is marked by frequent consumption of large amounts of food in a short time. People with this disorder may eat beyond their capacity rapidly without purging behaviors.

Physical and psychological impacts of eating disorders

Since eating disorders revolve around a person’s relationship with their body and nutrition, they can have physical and psychological impacts. Researchers in a systematic review have identified several long-term effects of eating disorders, including but not limited to the following: 

• Chronic malnutrition
• Pervasive anxiety 
• Depressive symptoms
• Increased substance abuse risk
• Pregnancy complications
• Hair loss 
• Brittle bones 
• High or low blood pressure 

Individual effects of eating disorders may vary depending on the presentation of the eating disorder, the period one has experienced the disorder, and individual biology.

Complexity and holistic eating disorder treatment

Eating disorders are intricate conditions with physical, emotional, and psychological components. Treating them effectively often requires a holistic approach that delves into all areas of a person’s well-being. This approach may encompass medical care, nutritional guidance, psychological treatment, and the therapeutic benefits of nature and a natural environment. 

The therapeutic potential of nature

As psychologists’ understanding of the impact of nature, more health professionals are recognizing the role nature can play in providing support in people’s lives and acknowledging the healing power of nature. These therapies tap into the innate connection between humans and the natural world to promote well-being.

Nature often has the capacity to calm and restore individuals. Finding time to be in nature daily can reduce stress, anxiety, and overwhelm. The quiet simplicity of nature may provide a different perspective on the fast pace of modern-day life.

A strong connection between nature and improved mental well-being can also be observed. Research is uncovering the power of nature, showing how time spent in nature can enhance mood and increase feelings of happiness. This sense of peace and tranquility can be beneficial for those trying to cope with certain mental or physical conditions, such as eating disorders. 

Nature-based therapies for eating disorders

Nature-based therapies offer unique approaches to support those with eating disorders and other mental health challenges. Below are a few options to consider. 

Wilderness therapy

Wilderness therapy is outdoor group therapy in natural settings. This type of therapy should be voluntary and done by adults. Wilderness therapy for teens and children can be unhelpful and has been associated with significant trauma and challenging experiences. For this reason, it can be crucial to look at the ethical considerations before considering this modality. 

A wilderness therapist for adults may encourage personal growth and self-reliance through outdoor activities. The benefits of this type of therapy may be a boost in self-esteem, increased resilience, and connection with oneself and others. 

Ecotherapy (Nature therapy)

Ecotherapy connects people with nature. It may be led by a group therapist or on a one-on-one basis. The benefits of ecotherapy may include reduced stress, enhanced self-awareness, and improved emotional balance. 

Adventure-based therapies

Adventure therapy may involve outdoor challenges like rock climbing. A therapist may lead clients in hiking, swimming, or tree-climbing activities. This modality may help clients build self-confidence, communication skills, and body positivity. Other benefits may include a boost in self-confidence, improved communication, and encouragement to value body image. 

Nature retreats and mindfulness practices

Nature retreats are those that occur in peaceful natural settings. A therapist or group leader may lead clients in mindfulness practice, meditation, and self-regulation. The benefits of this type of therapy may be a break from daily life, a focus on mindfulness, and rejuvenation for the body and mind. Mindfulness has also been proven to reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and chronic stress. 

Art and expressive therapies in nature

Almost any therapy modality, including art therapy, can be practiced in a natural setting. This modality might include creative activities outdoors, like nature journaling and art. Nature art therapy can simultaneously allow for emotional expression and a connection with nature, which may help clients process emotions, more deeply experience nature, and experience positive self-expression.

Nature-based therapies provide unique ways for individuals with eating disorders to heal, grow, and reconnect with themselves and nature. They may complement traditional approaches and empower individuals on their recovery journey.

Benefits of nature-based therapies for eating disorders  

Nature-based therapies offer a range of benefits for individuals navigating the complexities of eating disorders. Exposure to nature plays a pivotal role in alleviating stress and anxiety, which are often significant for these conditions. 

Nature fosters mindfulness and body awareness. Spending time in natural surroundings encourages individuals to be present in the moment, positively reconnecting them with their bodies. This heightened awareness can be instrumental in recognizing and addressing unhealthy thought patterns and behaviors related to eating disorders.

Outdoor activities, a key component of nature-based therapies, can also be crucial. Engaging in hiking, yoga, or walking in the woods can encourage physical activity and a more favorable relationship with one’s body. These experiences promote a sense of strength, vitality, and appreciation for the body’s capabilities, often aligning with eating disorder recovery goals.

Alternative support options 

In some cases, accessing in-person therapy may be out of reach due to finances, socioeconomic status, distance, and other barriers. In these cases, online therapy via platforms like BetterHelp can offer several advantages for individuals seeking support on their journey toward recovery from eating disorders. This therapy approach allows you to connect with professional care without leaving home. 

The level of flexibility of online therapy can be beneficial for those with eating disorders, as it ensures that support is readily available, even in the face of unexpected challenges or daily life demands. Incorporating the healing power of nature into online therapy sessions adds an extra dimension to the recovery process. Nature exposure can be an integral part of these sessions, promoting a sense of tranquility and connection with the natural world, which is often therapeutic for individuals with eating disorders.

Research has consistently shown that online therapy, especially when nature exposure is integrated, is not only convenient but also highly effective in supporting individuals with a wide range of mental health concerns, including those struggling with eating disorders. The success of online therapy lies in several factors, including the quality of the therapeutic relationship, the use of evidence-based techniques, and the commitment of the therapist and the client. 

Takeaway

Eating disorders are a challenge millions of people in the general population face throughout their lifetime. Although these conditions can be considered a public health challenge, therapy offers a powerful tool for individuals to take control of their health and improve their quality of life. Nature-based therapies like wilderness therapy, nature retreats, and nature journaling may improve eating disorder symptoms over time. Consider contacting a therapist online or in your area to get started.