Essential Oils And Aromatherapy: Could They Work For Bipolar Disorder?
If you’re living with bipolar disorder, you may be eager to find easy-to-use methods for smoothing out intense high and low moods. Plant essential oils might be helpful in reducing some symptoms. These oils may appeal to people due to their simplicity, natural origins, and pleasant scents. But are essential oils effective, or are they simply another misguided health fad? Can essential oils and aromatherapy really help with bipolar disorder?
Though essential oils can’t take the place of psychotherapy from a qualified mental health professional, certain types may be useful for managing common symptoms of bipolar disorder. Aromatherapy may improve mood, relieve anxiety, or help you fall asleep, for example. However, aromatherapy is not an evidence-based treatment for bipolar disorder or any mental illness and should not be used to “treat” any condition outside of medical guidance from a doctor.
What are essential oils?
An essential oil is a substance containing a high concentration of aromatic compounds derived from plants. Aromatic compounds are volatile, meaning they tend to easily vaporize into gases at room temperature. These substances are what give many plants their pleasing smells, like the sweetness of flowers or the spicy scents of herbs.
Aromatic chemicals are extracted from plants using a variety of methods, including distillation, solvents, or physical pressure. By separating these compounds from the plants that make them, manufacturers can concentrate them at much higher levels. For this reason, a few drops of essential oil can have a stronger fragrance than an entire plant.
Essential oils are not “essential” in the sense of being necessary for life or health like the essential amino acids. The name comes from the fact that these oils contain the “essence” of a particular plant’s scent.
Essential oils are often used in the practice of aromatherapy, in which individuals are exposed to pleasant scents to assist in relaxation, sleep, and the management of challenges like pain and anxiety. Though there’s not yet a scientific consensus on the effectiveness of aromatherapy, some research has provided evidence that it may alleviate certain symptoms. However, aromatherapy cannot treat or “cure” any condition.
Why use aromatherapy and essential oils?
Those who find aromatherapy helpful for managing psychological conditions may adopt this method because it can be self-administered easily. Essential oils are widely available, with no need for a prescription, and using them often requires little equipment or specialized knowledge.
You may easily test many different scents and figure out which ones have the most beneficial effect on your mood and stress levels. In addition, since large quantities of essential oils aren’t often necessary to have an effect, people may use them on the go. This usage may be helpful if you have a stressful moment during the day.
Another potential advantage of aromatherapy is that, if used correctly, it may not cause the side effects that some individuals experience from medications for bipolar disorder. There’s often little risk of essential oils causing harmful interactions with other pharmaceutical medications. Though there are some safety precautions to follow (see below), and it is not a replacement for treatment or medication, aromatherapy may be a safe way to supplement other forms of clinical treatment for bipolar disorder.
What does science say about essential oils and bipolar disorder?
Essential oils have not yet been widely investigated as a symptom management tool for bipolar disorder. A systematic review of complementary treatments for this condition found no published studies examining the use of aromatherapy for this condition. However, there have been trials that have shown effects on common symptoms experienced by individuals who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
For example, a 2021 research review concluded that several types of essential oils showed promise in relieving anxiety or depression. This result suggests that they might be useful for reducing the intensity of depressive or anxious episodes, which are often experienced by those diagnosed with bipolar disorder.
Some essential oils might also lower stress, which can be a cause for manic episodes in bipolar I disorder. A 2013 experiment found that nurses who used aromatherapy treatment during their workday showed significant reductions in stress symptoms.
Individuals with bipolar disorder often experience difficulty sleeping during manic and depressive episodes. This challenge may contribute to other health effects, including negative moods and cognitive difficulties. A review published in 2014 concluded that inhaled essential oils showed positive effects on sleep quality.
Studies like these suggest that people experiencing unwanted effects of bipolar disorder may find some relief by using essential oils for their calming and rest-promoting properties. More research is necessary before these oils can be considered clinically verified treatments. If you’re unsure whether essential oils are right for you, consult your doctor. Allergies may occur with these oils, as they’re often made from plant extracts. Knowing your allergies before choosing an oil may prevent a harmful reaction.
Which essential oils might help with bipolar disorder symptoms?
There are several essential oils on the market. If you’re interested in seeing whether essential oils can help you manage your bipolar disorder, you may be unsure where to start. The following plant extracts may decrease the intensity of some common symptoms of bipolar disorder. However, results can vary, and some people may not find essential oils helpful at all.
Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia)
Lavender essential oil may be the most extensively studied aromatherapy treatment, and some people find its sweet fragrance soothing. Studies suggest that it might reduce depression and help with related symptoms like a lack of sleep.
Bergamot orange (Citrus bergamia)
Derived from a sour citrus fruit similar to lime, bergamot orange oil is often used to promote calm and reduce worry. You may be familiar with its odor and flavor if you drink Earl Gray tea. Inhaling this tangy scent may relieve anxiety and lower the levels of stress hormones like cortisol in the human body.
Rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus)
Rosemary, a common kitchen herb, has a woodsy, piney scent that some people may consider invigorating. In some randomized trials, the smell of rosemary has shown positive effects on alertness, memory, and cognitive performance. If your bipolar disorder symptoms include mental fatigue or difficulty thinking clearly, you might find that aromatherapy with rosemary essential oil helps.
Sandalwood (Santalum)
Long used in traditional Indian Ayurvedic medicine and in incense for religious practices, sandalwood has a rich, sweet scent that’s often described as calming and uplifting. This scent may improve your mood, and at least one randomized, controlled trial found it may relieve anxiety.
Ylang-ylang (Cananga odorata)
The sweet, earthy, fruity smell of ylang-ylang may promote tranquility and well-being. Experts note that this oil may slow down the speed of cognitive processing, so it may not be best for situations where you want to stay sharp. However, if you’re having trouble quieting racing thoughts, this essential oil might help you calm down.
Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla)
Some people use chamomile tea to calm their nerves and promote sleep. Some studies have also found antidepressant effects from chamomile essential oil. This light herbal scent might improve your mood during depressive phases. However, more studies are needed to fully understand this effect, and chamomile is not an anti-depressant medication or substance approved to treat depression.
How to use essential oils safely
Though essential oils may lack some of the dramatic side effects of other substances used to treat bipolar disorder, they aren’t totally risk-free. For example, some can be poisonous if taken internally. Avoid swallowing essential oils or applying them to mucous membranes. In addition, essential oil companies suggest keeping them away from curious children.
Some people like to apply essential oils to their skin. However, doing so may cause skin irritation in certain individuals or with some types of oils. Citrus-based essential oils can dramatically increase your risk of sunburn. Ask your doctor about each oil, and be cautious about using them outdoors.
You may also dilute any essential oils you’re using topically to 2% concentration or lower, using a neutral “carrier oil” like coconut oil. Since sensitivity can vary from person to person, test any essential oil on a small patch of skin before applying it more widely. Follow the instructions listed on the essential oil bottle, as some companies may already dilute their product.
The safest way to use essential oils may be through aromatherapy, inhaling their odors without putting them directly on or in your body. You can use a scent diffuser or dab a drop or two on a tissue and sniff it. Keep in mind that some people can still experience sinus irritation from strong scents like cinnamon or lemongrass. Aromatherapy may be safest in a well-ventilated space.
Aromatherapy, psychotherapy, and bipolar disorder
Some individuals with bipolar disorder may report positive effects from aromatherapy with essential oils. However, this practice doesn’t have the robust evidence base of cognitive-behavioral therapy and other psychotherapeutic or medication-based treatments. You may find aromatherapy a helpful supplemental option to support and complement your work with a trained therapist.
If you appreciate the convenience and availability of essential oils, you may prefer online psychotherapy through platforms like BetterHelp over traditional face-to-face appointments. Talking with a mental health professional online allows you to participate in sessions from your own home. You can potentially make use of your preferred aromatherapy treatments during chats with your therapist, possibly easing the stress of talking about challenging thoughts and emotions.
Long-term studies of online cognitive-behavioral therapy have found that it works as effectively as face-to-face treatment. Whether in randomized trials or routine clinical practice, this type of support has been found to substantially reduce symptoms of a wide variety of mental health conditions. Some people may also find it easier to consistently follow treatment recommendations when working with therapists online.
Takeaway
There isn’t conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of essential oils for bipolar disorder. However, some studies show positive effects on common symptoms of bipolar disorder, such as depression, anxiety, stress, insomnia, and cognitive difficulties.
When used in conjunction with evidence-based treatments, aromatherapy with essential oils might make bipolar disorder easier to manage. For evidence-based mental health support, consider reaching out to a therapist online or in your area.
What vitamins are good for bipolar people?
While there is no specific vitamin or combination of vitamins that serves as a cure for bipolar disorder, eating nutritious foods and ensuring an adequate intake of vitamins and minerals can often improve overall health and well-being. Certain dietary supplements, such as omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D, can play a role in supporting brain function and reducing inflammation, and they may have benefits that contribute to mood regulation. Consult with a healthcare professional before making significant changes to what you eat or adding supplements.
How can I ease bipolar symptoms?
Managing bipolar disorder often benefits from a comprehensive approach that includes medication, psychotherapy, lifestyle adjustments, and support from healthcare professionals. Work closely with your healthcare team to develop a personalized treatment plan. Below are general strategies that may ease bipolar symptoms:
- Medication adherence: Taking prescribed medications consistently and as directed by your healthcare provider may balance hormones or neurotransmitters. Medications may lessen the effects of extreme mood swings.
- Psychotherapy: Engage in psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). Psychotherapy may help you understand and manage your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
- Create a routine: Establish and maintain a regular daily routine. Consistent sleep patterns, mealtimes, and daily activities may contribute to stability and help you regulate your circadian rhythm.
- Manage stress: Practice stress-reduction techniques, such as mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga. Managing and reducing stress may prevent mood episodes.
- Healthy lifestyle: Adopt a healthy lifestyle, including regularly exercising, eating nutritious foods, and getting sufficient sleep.
- Limit substance use: Avoid or limit the use of substances such as alcohol and recreational substances, as they can interfere with medication effectiveness and contribute to mood instability.
Managing bipolar disorder is an ongoing process, and what works for one person may not work for another. Collaborate with your healthcare team to adjust your treatment plan as needed. If you're experiencing significant distress or challenges, seek professional help promptly.
The BetterHelp platform is not intended for any information regarding which drugs, medication, or medical treatment may be appropriate for you. The content provides generalized information that is not specific to one individual. You should not take any action without consulting a qualified medical professional.
What is a natural herb for bipolar disorder?
While some people may explore complementary and alternative treatments, approach them with caution, especially when managing mental health conditions like bipolar disorder. Natural herbs and supplements are not a substitute for evidence-based medical treatments, and their effectiveness and safety can vary. Before considering any herbal remedies, consult your healthcare provider to ensure they are safe and won't interact negatively with prescribed medications.
How can I treat bipolar disorder without medication?
Bipolar disorder is a complex mental health condition or illness that often requires a comprehensive treatment approach that includes medical care. While some people may explore non-medication strategies, evidence-based medications may be recommended by your treatment team for managing bipolar disorder. Consult a medical healthcare professional before making decisions about your treatment plan.
If you do not want to try medication, below are strategies that may be considered natural approaches:
- Psychotherapy: Engaging in psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), or interpersonal therapy may be beneficial. Therapy may give individuals coping strategies, improve mood regulation, and enhance problem-solving skills. Therapy also may help individuals manage mental disorders such as anxiety disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which may co-occur with bipolar disorder.
- Lifestyle modifications: Adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise, nutritious eating, and sufficient sleep. These lifestyle factors can positively impact mood and overall well-being.
- Stress management: Practice stress-reduction techniques, such as mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga. Stress management may prevent mood episodes and help you manage anxiety and depression.
- Sleep hygiene: Prioritize good sleep hygiene by maintaining a consistent sleep schedule and creating a relaxing bedtime routine. Sleep disturbances can contribute to mood instability.
- Routine: Establish and maintain a regular daily routine. Consistency in activities, sleep patterns, and meals can contribute to mood stability and regulate circadian rhythms.
While it can be possible to treat bipolar disorder without medication, do so with support from a mental health professional. Individuals with untreated bipolar disorder may experience suicidal thoughts at a higher rate when compared with those who are undergoing treatment.
If you or a loved one is experiencing suicidal thoughts, reach out for help immediately. The 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline can be reached at 988 and is available 24/7.
Is there a permanent cure for bipolar disorder?
Currently, there is no known permanent cure for bipolar disorder. Like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition. However, with appropriate treatment and management, individuals with bipolar disorder may lead fulfilling and stable lives. The primary treatments for bipolar disorder typically include a combination of medications, psychotherapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Medications such as mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and antidepressants are often prescribed to help stabilize mood and manage symptoms. Talk to a doctor when considering starting, changing, or stopping a medication.
Does bipolar disorder get worse with age?
Bipolar disorder is a chronic condition, and its course can vary among individuals. The severity and frequency of mood episodes may change over time, but it's not necessarily accurate to say that bipolar disorder universally gets worse with age. Some individuals may experience periods of stability, while others may continue to have recurrent episodes.
Does a person with bipolar disorder know they are bipolar?
Individuals with bipolar disorder are often aware of their diagnosis, especially if they have sought professional help and received a formal evaluation. However, the level of awareness can vary among individuals. Below are scenarios that illustrate different levels of awareness:
- Self-recognition: Some individuals may recognize and acknowledge their symptoms and experiences, seeking help because they suspect or understand that they may have bipolar disorder. They may notice patterns of mood swings, energy levels, and changes in behavior.
- Professional diagnosis: Other people may not be aware of their condition until they seek help from mental health professionals. A healthcare provider, such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, can conduct an assessment and provide a formal diagnosis based on the individual's symptoms and history.
- Denial or lack of insight: In some cases, individuals with bipolar disorder may experience a lack of insight into their condition, a symptom known as anosognosia. This symptom may lead to denial or a lack of awareness about the impact of their behaviors and mood swings on themselves and others. In some cases, people with bipolar disorder may only experience this symptom during a manic episode, in which they believe they “no longer have mental illness” due to delusions of grandiosity, even if they previously understood.
- Delayed recognition: Bipolar disorder can sometimes be misdiagnosed or unrecognized for years, leading to delayed awareness. This challenge may occur if symptoms are initially attributed to other conditions or if the individual does not seek professional help.
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